Brain-to-brain dynamical Coupling: A New framework for the communication of social knowledge

脑与脑之间的动态耦合：社交知识交流的新框架

URI HASSON (2017-04-01 to 2022-03-31) $2,498,878

Project ID: R01MH112566 (NIMH)

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Abstract

Social interaction in real-life contexts necessitates dynamical interactions among two or more brains as individuals listen, speak, act, and mutually adapt to one another to reach shared understanding. Elucidating how brains forge such shared understanding requires shifting from a ?one-brain? to a ?multiple-brain? frame of reference, as well as from artificial laboratory conditions to natural, real-life settings. Here we outline a novel framework to identify inter-brain dynamical coupling that underpins knowledge about social phenomena (e.g., mental states, social norms, emotions, etc.), henceforth referred to as social knowledge. The long-term goal of our laboratories is to understand how neural networks couple, within and across brains, to create and share information that enables social understanding and connectedness. We intend to develop a novel brain-to-brain coupling framework to better understand how social concepts are represented in the brain and how they are transferred across brains to achieve group cohesiveness. The overall objective of this application is to identify mechanisms that facilitate coupling across a speaker and a listener during real?life interaction. This approach is innovative because it uses new experimental paradigms optimize for studying social interactions in naturalistic contexts, employs both fMRI and fNIRS methods (single scanning and hyperscanning), and includes development of novel analysis methods for modeling shared brain responses to complex, natural social stimuli in real-life contexts. This contribution is significant because the proposed research will provide new insights into a central function of the human brain: the ability to connect with others by dynamically and interactively creating and sharing social knowledge. The work proposed in this application will advance knowledge of how brains process and share information in ways that promote social understanding and will produce new approaches for detecting and diagnosing communication and developmental disorders.

项目概要在现实生活环境中的社交互动需要两个或多个大脑之间的动态互动，因为个人倾听，说话，行动和相互适应以达成共同理解。阐明大脑如何形成这种共享理解需要从一个脑中转变？一个多脑？参考框架，以及从人工实验室条件到自然，现实生活环境。在这里，我们概述了一种新的框架，用于识别支持社会现象（例如，心理状态，社会规范，情感等）的知识的脑间动态耦合，此后称为社会知识。我们实验室的长期目标是了解神经网络如何在大脑内部和大脑之间耦合，以创建和共享信息，从而实现社会理解和联系。我们打算开发一种新颖的脑 - 脑耦合框架，以更好地理解社会概念在大脑中的表现方式以及它们如何通过大脑转移以实现群体凝聚力。该应用的总体目标是识别在真实生活交互期间促进扬声器和听者之间耦合的机制。这种方法具有创新性，因为它使用新的实验范式优化研究自然主义背景下的社会相互作用，采用fMRI和fNIRS方法（单扫描和超扫描），并包括开发新的分析方法，用于模拟共享大脑对复杂，自然社会刺激的反应在现实生活中。这一贡献非常重要，因为拟议的研究将为人类大脑的核心功能提供新的见解：通过动态和交互式创建和分享社会知识与他人联系的能力。本申请中提出的工作将推进知识如何以促进社会理解的方式处理和分享信息，并将产生检测和诊断交流和发育障碍的新方法。