A cognitive training program based on principles of brain plasticity: results from the Improvement in Memory with Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Training (IMPACT) study

Glenn Smith, Patricia Housen, Kristine Yaffe, Ronald Ruff, Robert Kennison, Henry Mahncke, Elizabeth Zelinski (2009) A cognitive training program based on principles of brain plasticity: results from the Improvement in Memory with Plasticity-based Adaptive Cognitive Training (IMPACT) study J Am Geriatr Soc (IF: 4.5) 57(4) 594-603

Abstract

To investigate the efficacy of a novel brain plasticity-based computerized cognitive training program in older adults and to evaluate the effect on untrained measures of memory and attention and participant-reported outcomes.Multisite randomized controlled double-blind trial with two treatment groups.Communities in northern and southern California and Minnesota.Community-dwelling adults aged 65 and older (N=487) without a diagnosis of clinically significant cognitive impairment.Participants were randomized to receive a broadly-available brain plasticity-based computerized cognitive training program (intervention) or a novelty- and intensity-matched general cognitive stimulation program modeling treatment as usual (active control). Duration of training was 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, for 8 weeks, for a total of 40 hours.The primary outcome was a composite score calculated from six subtests of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status that use the auditory modality (RBANS Auditory Memory/Attention). Secondary measures were derived from performance on the experimental program, standardized neuropsychological assessments of memory and attention, and participant-reported outcomes.RBANS Auditory Memory/Attention improvement was significantly greater (P=.02) in the experimental group (3.9 points, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.7-5.1) than in the control group (1.8 points, 95% CI=0.6-3.0). Multiple secondary measures of memory and attention showed significantly greater improvements in the experimental group (word list total score, word list delayed recall, digits backwards, letter-number sequencing; P<.05), as did the participant-reported outcome measure (P=.001). No advantage for the experimental group was seen in narrative memory.The experimental program improved generalized measures of memory and attention more than an active control program.

Links

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4169294
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19220558
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.02167.x

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